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Travel guide > America >

Climate and weather of Canada



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Canada




 

Climate

 
Canada has six different climatic zones.

Temperatures are high in the south (30°), temperate on the coasts (20°) and cool in the north in summer. They are often very low in winter. Precipitation (rain or snow) are regular throughout the year.

Eastern Canada
The east has a climate with four seasons. Rainfall is high (1 200 mm per year).

Winter (December to March)
Temperatures are low (3°) and snow falls abundantly (3 000 mm). The sun shines two to three hours a day.

Spring (April to May)
Temperatures range between 5 and 10°. Rainfall is regular.

Summer (June to September)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is regular. Sunshine is moderate (seven to eight hours per day).

Autumn (October to November)
Temperatures are relatively low (5 to 10°) and rainfall is regular.

Southern Canada (Banks of the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes region)
The south has a continental climate with four seasons. Rainfall is abundant (800 to 1000 mm per year).

Winter (December to March)
Temperatures range between -15 and -5° (they sharply drop when cold winds blow). Snowfalls are abundant (3 000 mm).

Spring (April to June)
Temperatures rise (10° in April and 23° June) and rainfall is low.

Summer (July to August)
Temperatures reach 27°. Rainfall is regular and humidiy is very high. Sunshine is very high (eight to nine hours per day).

Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures are cool (12° C) and rainfall is low.

The Prairies (southern Canada)
The Prairies have a climate with four seasons. Rainfall is moderate (400 mm per year).

Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are very low (-7° during the daytime and -17° at night) and snowfall is moderate (120 mm per month).

Spring (March to May)
Temperatures rise (0° in March and 18° in May) and rainfall is low.

Summer (June to August)
Temperatures are mild (20°) and rainfall is moderate. Sunshine is high (nine to ten hours per day).

Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures slowly drop (18° in September and 0° in November) and rainfall is very low.

The Rocky Mountains (western Canada)
The Rocky mountains have an alpine climate with four seasons.

Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are continuously below 0° and snow is abundant (6 000 mm).

Spring (March to June)
Temperatures range between 0 and 17°. Rainfall is regular.

Summer (July to August)
Temperatures are relatively low and rainfall is regular.

Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures vary from 17 to 0° and rainfall is regular.

The Pacific coast (southwestern Canada)
The west coast has a temperate climate with four seasons. Rainfall is abundant (1 400 mm per year).

Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are low (5°) and rainfall is high. Sunshine is very low (two to three hours per day) because the sky is cloudy most of the time.

Spring (March to May)
Temperatures rise (10° in March, 15° in May) and rainfall is low.

Summer (June to August)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is low. Sunshine is high (eight to nine hours per day)

Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures drop gradually (18° in September, 10° in November) and rainfall is very high.

Northern Canada
The north has a polar climate with two main seasons (summer and winter).

Summer (July to August)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is moderate.

Winter (October to April)
Temperatures are continuously below 0° (they reach -20° during the daytime and -30° at night in December, January and February) and snowfalls are high.

 When to go to Canada (pleasant climate) 
The climate of Canada is pleasant during the following months :

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

 

Weather

(main cities) 
Average temperatures and rainfall

Calgary

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-4°
-1°
10°
16°
20°
min
-16°
-13°
-11°
-3°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
23°
22°
17°
12°
-3°
min
-2°
-11°
-15°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
10
10
20
20
50
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
70
50
50
10
10
10

Edmonton

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-11°
-5°
10°
17°
20°
min
-20°
-17°
-12°
-3°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
22°
21°
17°
11°
-1°
-7°
min
-3°
-12°
-18°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
20
20
20
20
40
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
100
70
50
20
20
20

Halifax

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-2°
-2°
14°
20°
min
-11°
-11°
-7°
-2°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
23°
22°
18°
13°
min
13°
13°
-1°
-7°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
140
120
120
120
110
100
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
100
110
100
130
150
170

Hamilton

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-3°
-2°
11°
18°
23°
min
-10°
-10°
-5°
12°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
26°
25°
20°
13°
min
15°
14°
10°
-1°
-7°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
60
50
70
70
70
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
80
80
80
60
80
80

Mississauga

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-5°
-4°
10°
19°
23°
min
-17°
-17°
-10°
-2°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
26°
24°
19°
11°
-3°
min
12°
11°
-5°
-13°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
70
50
60
70
80
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
80
100
110
100
90
90

Montréal

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-6°
-5°
10°
18°
23°
min
-15°
-14°
-7°
12°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
26°
24°
20°
17°
-3°
min
15°
14°
-3°
-9°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
60
60
70
70
70
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
80
100
80
80
90
80

Ottawa (Capital of Canada)

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-6°
-5°
11°
18°
23°
min
-16°
-14°
-7°
12°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
26°
24°
19°
13°
-4°
min
15°
14°
-3°
-12°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
60
60
60
70
80
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
90
90
80
70
90
80

Québec

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-8°
-6°
16°
22°
min
-18°
-16°
-10°
-2°
10°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
25°
23°
18°
11°
-5°
min
13°
12°
-4°
-16°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
90
70
80
80
100
110
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
120
120
120
100
100
110

St-John's

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-1°
-2°
10°
15°
min
-8°
-9°
-4°
-2°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
20°
19°
15°
10°
min
10°
11°
-5°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
150
130
120
110
100
100
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
80
120
120
150
140
140

Toronto

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-3°
-2°
11°
18°
23°
min
-11°
-11°
-6°
11°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
27°
26°
21°
14°
min
14°
13°
-1°
-7°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
40
40
60
60
70
70
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
80
80
70
60
70
70

Vancouver

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
10°
13°
16°
19°
min
11°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
22°
22°
18°
14°
11°
min
13°
13°
10°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
150
120
100
70
60
40
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
40
40
60
120
170
180

Winnipeg

Temp
January
February
March
April
May
June
max
-14°
-10°
-2°
18°
23°
min
-24°
-22°
-13°
-3°
10°
Temp
July
August
September
October
November
December
max
26°
25°
18°
11°
-1°
-10°
min
13°
12°
-9°
-20°

Rain
January
February
March
April
May
June
mm
20
10
20
30
60
80
Rain
July
August
September
October
November
December
mm
70
70
50
30
20
20

Weather data (temperatures and precipitation) for Canada are derived from monthly averages established over the last twenty years.

 Quick facts 
Canada, a country located in North America, is bordered by the Labrador Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, by the United States to the south, by the Pacific Ocean and the United States to the west and by the Arctic Ocean to the north.

Capital: Ottawa
Area: 10 000 000 km²
Population: 35 000 000 inhabitants
Languages: English, French
Currency: Canadian dollar

Canada










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