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Travel guide > America > Climate and weather of Canada
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| Canada |
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Canada has six different climatic zones.
Temperatures are high in the south (30°), temperate on the coasts (20°) and cool in the north in summer. They are often very low in winter. Precipitation (rain or snow) are regular throughout the year.
Eastern Canada
The east has a climate with four seasons. Rainfall is high (1 200 mm per year).
Winter (December to March)
Temperatures are low (3°) and snow falls abundantly (3 000 mm). The sun shines two to three hours a day.
Spring (April to May)
Temperatures range between 5 and 10°. Rainfall is regular.
Summer (June to September)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is regular. Sunshine is moderate (seven to eight hours per day).
Autumn (October to November)
Temperatures are relatively low (5 to 10°) and rainfall is regular.
Southern Canada (Banks of the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes region)
The south has a continental climate with four seasons. Rainfall is abundant (800 to 1000 mm per year).
Winter (December to March)
Temperatures range between -15 and -5° (they sharply drop when cold winds blow). Snowfalls are abundant (3 000 mm).
Spring (April to June)
Temperatures rise (10° in April and 23° June) and rainfall is low.
Summer (July to August)
Temperatures reach 27°. Rainfall is regular and humidiy is very high. Sunshine is very high (eight to nine hours per day).
Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures are cool (12° C) and rainfall is low.
The Prairies (southern Canada)
The Prairies have a climate with four seasons. Rainfall is moderate (400 mm per year).
Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are very low (-7° during the daytime and -17° at night) and snowfall is moderate (120 mm per month).
Spring (March to May)
Temperatures rise (0° in March and 18° in May) and rainfall is low.
Summer (June to August)
Temperatures are mild (20°) and rainfall is moderate. Sunshine is high (nine to ten hours per day).
Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures slowly drop (18° in September and 0° in November) and rainfall is very low.
The Rocky Mountains (western Canada)
The Rocky mountains have an alpine climate with four seasons.
Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are continuously below 0° and snow is abundant (6 000 mm).
Spring (March to June)
Temperatures range between 0 and 17°. Rainfall is regular.
Summer (July to August)
Temperatures are relatively low and rainfall is regular.
Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures vary from 17 to 0° and rainfall is regular.
The Pacific coast (southwestern Canada)
The west coast has a temperate climate with four seasons. Rainfall is abundant (1 400 mm per year).
Winter (December to February)
Temperatures are low (5°) and rainfall is high. Sunshine is very low (two to three hours per day) because the sky is cloudy most of the time.
Spring (March to May)
Temperatures rise (10° in March, 15° in May) and rainfall is low.
Summer (June to August)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is low. Sunshine is high (eight to nine hours per day)
Autumn (September to November)
Temperatures drop gradually (18° in September, 10° in November) and rainfall is very high.
Northern Canada
The north has a polar climate with two main seasons (summer and winter).
Summer (July to August)
Temperatures reach 20° and rainfall is moderate.
Winter (October to April)
Temperatures are continuously below 0° (they reach -20° during the daytime and -30° at night in December, January and February) and snowfalls are high.
When to go to Canada (pleasant climate) |
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The climate of Canada is pleasant during the following months :
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
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Average temperatures and rainfall
Calgary
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-4° |
-1° |
3° |
10° |
16° |
20° |
min |
-16° |
-13° |
-11° |
-3° |
3° |
7° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
23° |
22° |
17° |
12° |
3° |
-3° |
min |
9° |
8° |
3° |
-2° |
-11° |
-15° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
10 |
10 |
20 |
20 |
50 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
70 |
50 |
50 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
|
Edmonton
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-11° |
-5° |
0° |
10° |
17° |
20° |
min |
-20° |
-17° |
-12° |
-3° |
3° |
7° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
22° |
21° |
17° |
11° |
-1° |
-7° |
min |
9° |
8° |
3° |
-3° |
-12° |
-18° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
20 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
40 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
100 |
70 |
50 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
|
Halifax
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-2° |
-2° |
3° |
8° |
14° |
20° |
min |
-11° |
-11° |
-7° |
-2° |
4° |
9° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
23° |
22° |
18° |
13° |
7° |
1° |
min |
13° |
13° |
8° |
3° |
-1° |
-7° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
140 |
120 |
120 |
120 |
110 |
100 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
100 |
110 |
100 |
130 |
150 |
170 |
|
Hamilton
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-3° |
-2° |
3° |
11° |
18° |
23° |
min |
-10° |
-10° |
-5° |
1° |
7° |
12° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
26° |
25° |
20° |
13° |
7° |
0° |
min |
15° |
14° |
10° |
4° |
-1° |
-7° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
60 |
50 |
70 |
70 |
70 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
80 |
80 |
80 |
60 |
80 |
80 |
|
Mississauga
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-5° |
-4° |
2° |
10° |
19° |
23° |
min |
-17° |
-17° |
-10° |
-2° |
4° |
9° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
26° |
24° |
19° |
11° |
3° |
-3° |
min |
12° |
11° |
7° |
1° |
-5° |
-13° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
70 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
80 |
100 |
110 |
100 |
90 |
90 |
|
Montréal
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-6° |
-5° |
2° |
10° |
18° |
23° |
min |
-15° |
-14° |
-7° |
1° |
7° |
12° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
26° |
24° |
20° |
17° |
5° |
-3° |
min |
15° |
14° |
9° |
3° |
-3° |
-9° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
60 |
60 |
70 |
70 |
70 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
80 |
100 |
80 |
80 |
90 |
80 |
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Ottawa (Capital of Canada)
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-6° |
-5° |
2° |
11° |
18° |
23° |
min |
-16° |
-14° |
-7° |
0° |
7° |
12° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
26° |
24° |
19° |
13° |
4° |
-4° |
min |
15° |
14° |
8° |
3° |
-3° |
-12° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
60 |
60 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
90 |
90 |
80 |
70 |
90 |
80 |
|
Québec
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-8° |
-6° |
0° |
8° |
16° |
22° |
min |
-18° |
-16° |
-10° |
-2° |
5° |
10° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
25° |
23° |
18° |
11° |
3° |
-5° |
min |
13° |
12° |
7° |
2° |
-4° |
-16° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
90 |
70 |
80 |
80 |
100 |
110 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
120 |
120 |
120 |
100 |
100 |
110 |
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St-John's
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-1° |
-2° |
1° |
4° |
10° |
15° |
min |
-8° |
-9° |
-4° |
-2° |
1° |
6° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
20° |
19° |
15° |
10° |
6° |
1° |
min |
10° |
11° |
7° |
3° |
0° |
-5° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
150 |
130 |
120 |
110 |
100 |
100 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
80 |
120 |
120 |
150 |
140 |
140 |
|
Toronto
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-3° |
-2° |
3° |
11° |
18° |
23° |
min |
-11° |
-11° |
-6° |
1° |
6° |
11° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
27° |
26° |
21° |
14° |
7° |
0° |
min |
14° |
13° |
9° |
3° |
-1° |
-7° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
40 |
40 |
60 |
60 |
70 |
70 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
80 |
80 |
70 |
60 |
70 |
70 |
|
Vancouver
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
6° |
8° |
10° |
13° |
16° |
19° |
min |
0° |
1° |
2° |
5° |
8° |
11° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
22° |
22° |
18° |
14° |
11° |
6° |
min |
13° |
13° |
10° |
6° |
3° |
1° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
150 |
120 |
100 |
70 |
60 |
40 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
40 |
40 |
60 |
120 |
170 |
180 |
|
Winnipeg
Temp |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
max |
-14° |
-10° |
-2° |
9° |
18° |
23° |
min |
-24° |
-22° |
-13° |
-3° |
4° |
10° |
|
Temp |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
max |
26° |
25° |
18° |
11° |
-1° |
-10° |
min |
13° |
12° |
6° |
0° |
-9° |
-20° |
|
Rain |
January |
February |
March |
April |
May |
June |
mm |
20 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
60 |
80 |
|
Rain |
July |
August |
September |
October |
November |
December |
mm |
70 |
70 |
50 |
30 |
20 |
20 |
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Weather data (temperatures and precipitation) for Canada are derived from monthly averages established over the last twenty years.
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Canada, a country located in North America, is bordered by the Labrador Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, by the United States to the south, by the Pacific Ocean and the United States to the west and by the Arctic Ocean to the north.
Capital: Ottawa
Area: 10 000 000 km²
Population: 35 000 000 inhabitants
Languages: English, French
Currency: Canadian dollar
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Canada
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